Title | Polyclonal napsin A expression: a potential diagnostic pitfall in distinguishing primary from metastatic mucinous tumors in the lung. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2014 |
Authors | Heymann JJ, Hoda RS, Scognamiglio T |
Journal | Arch Pathol Lab Med |
Volume | 138 |
Issue | 8 |
Pagination | 1067-71 |
Date Published | 2014 Aug |
ISSN | 1543-2165 |
Keywords | Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous, Antibody Specificity, Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases, Biomarkers, Biopsy, Fine-Needle, Cytoplasm, Diagnosis, Differential, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Lung, Lung Neoplasms, Neoplasm Proteins, Retrospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity |
Abstract | CONTEXT: Napsin A is a useful marker for distinguishing primary from metastatic lung tumors. Mucinous lung tumors may be difficult to distinguish from metastatic mucinous tumors. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate napsin A expression in lung and extrapulmonary mucinous tumors on both histology and cytology specimens and to determine napsin A's utility in differentiating primary from metastatic mucinous tumors. DESIGN: Napsin A immunohistochemistry was performed using a rabbit polyclonal antibody on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded surgical and fine-needle aspiration biopsy-derived, paraffin-embedded cell block specimens. Positive expression was defined as coarse, granular, cytoplasmic staining in 10% or more of tumor cells. RESULTS: Sixteen of 32 mucinous lung tumors (50%) and 16 of 33 extrapulmonary mucinous tumors (48%), including 15 of 18 of gastrointestinal origin (83%), expressed napsin A. Positivity was concordant between surgical and cell block specimens in 5 of 9 cases (56%). In 3 of 4 discordant cases, napsin A expression was detected on the surgical specimen but not the cell block. The cell block material in these cases was paucicellular. CONCLUSIONS: Napsin A shows decreased sensitivity and specificity for mucinous lung tumors and is unlikely to be reliable as a sole immunohistochemical marker of lung origin for such tumors (52% specificity in this study). The high frequency of napsin A expression in gastrointestinal mucinous tumors makes it particularly unreliable in distinguishing metastatic gastrointestinal from primary lung mucinous tumors. However, napsin A expression analysis may facilitate distinguishing mucinous tumors of pulmonary from those of nongastrointestinal origin. Interpretation of napsin A staining may be problematic in mucinous tumor specimens of low cellularity such as cell blocks. |
DOI | 10.5858/arpa.2013-0403-OA |
Alternate Journal | Arch Pathol Lab Med |
PubMed ID | 25076295 |
Related Faculty:
Jonas Heymann, M.D. Theresa Scognamiglio, M.D.