CD3 and CD2 ligation alters CD49d epitope expression.

TitleCD3 and CD2 ligation alters CD49d epitope expression.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication1995
AuthorsLin J, Qin L, Chavin KD, Ding Y, Punch JD, Yang Q, Burkly LC, Bromberg JS
JournalPathobiology
Volume63
Issue3
Pagination119-32
Date Published1995
ISSN1015-2008
KeywordsAnimals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antigens, CD, CD2 Antigens, CD3 Complex, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Epitopes, Female, Graft Rejection, Heart Transplantation, Integrin alpha4, Integrins, Ligands, Lymphocyte Activation, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Protein Binding, T-Lymphocytes
Abstract

The combination of anti-CD2 plus anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) synergistically prolongs allograft survival and induces antigen-specific tolerance. Since altered expression of cell surface molecules might be important for tolerance induction, the effect of anti-CD2 and anti-CD3 mAbs on the expression of adhesion molecules was analyzed on splenic T cells with an in vitro model. The anti-CD2 mAb, 12-15, alone had no effect on the expression of integrin alpha 4-chain epitopes recognized by two anti-CD49d (VLA-4 alpha) mAbs, R1-2 and PS/2. The anti-CD3 mAb, 2C11, caused R1-2 epitope expression to decrease, while PS/2 epitope expression remained unchanged. The combination of anti-CD2 and anti-CD3 mAbs further decreased R1-2 epitope expression while preserving PS/2 epitope expression. The expression of integrin beta 1 and beta 7 chains, each of which form heterodimers with alpha 4 chains, also remained unchanged. Expression of other integrin, selectin, or immunoglobulin superfamily molecules (CD11a, CD18, CD44, CD45, CD48, CD54 and CD62L) were all significantly increased by anti-CD2 or anti-CD3 mAbs. Decreased R1-2 epitope expression was anti-CD3 dependent and specifically augmented by anti-CD2 mAb. CD2-regulated decreases in R1-2 epitope expression correlated with increased cAMP and could be prevented by addition of high doses of IL-2 but was not affected by the addition of other cytokines. R1-2 alpha 4 epitope expression could be specifically restored by the divalent cation Mn2+, which also increased functional binding to the VCAM-1 ligand. Significantly, the R1-2 but not the PS/2 mAb prolonged graft survival in a cardiac allograft model. These results show that anti-CD2 and anti-CD3 mAbs selectively decrease integrin alpha 4 chain epitope expression on T cells through conformational regulation. Decreased expression of a CD49d epitope is unique in comparison to the up-modulation of other T-cell adhesion receptors. These changes correlate with functional effects and provide an additional mechanistic explanation for the synergistic effect of anti-CD2 plus anti-CD3 in producing tolerance.

DOI10.1159/000163943
Alternate JournalPathobiology
PubMed ID8821628
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