Twenty-fifth annual Pezcoller Symposium: Metabolism and tumorigenesis.

Choking cancer via inhibition of metabolic enzymes essential for tumor but dispensable in normal tissues was discussed as was the altered metabolism in cancer cells related to: tumor suppressor protein (pVHL) function, the histone acetylation dependence upon glucose, the epigenomic reprogramming of acetyl CoA synthesis, the plasticity of aging mechanisms, and the metabolism orchestration in macrophage polarization. The p53 and p73 pathways role in metabolic adaptation, the effects on growth of AMP-dependent kinase, the growth regulation by the mTOR pathways, and the bioenergetics requirements of cancer cells were also discussed. A novel computational model of personalized metabolic changes in cancer was outlined with applications in patients with breast cancer. Imaging metabolic characteristics of tumors by MRI and (13)C-nuclear magnetic resonance was described. The cancer metabolism regulation related to O-linked β-N-acetylglucosame was described. DNA hypermethylation and impaired hematopoietic differentiation in AML after isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 mutation and 2-hydroxyglutarate increases were outlined.